Home Improvement Project Guide

Learn about different types of home improvements for your UK property

Loft Conversions
Extensions
Fit-Out Works
Planning & Regulations

Types of Loft Conversions

Loft conversions are one of the most popular ways to add space and value to your home in the UK. With property prices at a premium and the costs of moving home continually rising, converting your loft space is often the most practical solution for growing families. The right type of conversion depends on your property style, budget, and space requirements.

Existing roof structure unchanged

Velux / Roof Light Conversion

The simplest and most cost-effective conversion. Roof windows are installed into the existing roof slope, without altering the roof structure.

  • Minimal structural changes
  • Usually doesn't require planning permission
  • Most affordable option
  • Good for properties with ample headroom
Box-like extension with vertical walls

Dormer Conversion

Extends the existing roof by adding a box-like structure with vertical walls and a flat roof, creating more internal space and headroom.

  • Creates maximum floor space
  • Provides full headroom
  • Can include windows for natural light
  • Popular for terraced and semi-detached houses

Hip to Gable Conversion

Replaces the sloping side of the roof (the hip) with a vertical wall (the gable), creating additional interior space.

  • Ideal for detached or semi-detached houses
  • Maximizes space in properties with hipped roofs
  • Can be combined with a dormer for more space
  • More involved structural changes

Mansard Conversion

Changes the entire roof structure to create a box-like shape with a flat roof and sloping back wall at approximately 72 degrees.

  • Provides maximum additional space
  • Suitable for most property types
  • Usually requires planning permission
  • More expensive but adds significant value

L-Shaped Dormer

Combines a standard rear dormer with a side dormer, creating an L-shaped structure. Popular in properties with an existing rear extension.

  • Maximizes space in properties with extensions
  • Creates a larger, more functional space
  • Allows for multiple rooms in the loft
  • Higher complexity but excellent return on investment
Dormer Loft Conversion Dormer Addition Original Roof Line Typical Victorian Terraced Property Front Garden 6 metres 10 metres Detailed diagram of a dormer loft conversion on a typical UK terraced property

Types of Home Extensions

Extensions can significantly increase your living space and add value to your property. Here are the most common types of extensions and their key features.

Rear Extension

Extends your property from the back, typically into the garden space. One of the most common types of extensions.

  • Ideal for extending kitchens and living spaces
  • Can create open-plan living areas
  • Often doesn't require planning permission (under Permitted Development)
  • Connects well with garden/outdoor space

Side Infill Extension

Fills in the space at the side of your property, often in the alleyway or return between your house and your neighbor's.

  • Ideal for terraced or semi-detached houses
  • Makes use of otherwise wasted space
  • Cost-effective way to add valuable floor area
  • Can create a more practical layout

Wraparound Extension

Combines a rear and side extension, creating an L-shaped addition that wraps around the corner of your property.

  • Maximizes additional space
  • Perfect for creating large kitchen/dining/living areas
  • Usually requires planning permission
  • Transforms the ground floor layout

Double Storey Extension

Extends your property over two floors, adding space to both the ground floor and first floor.

  • Maximizes space both downstairs and upstairs
  • Adds bedrooms as well as living space
  • More cost-effective per square meter than single-storey
  • Usually requires planning permission
Home Extension Options Side Return Extension Rear Extension with Lantern Roof Original Property 4.5 metres 3 metres Detailed diagram showing typical UK side return and rear extensions with popular features like lantern roofs and bifold doors

Fit-Out Works Explained

Fit-out works refer to the process of making interior spaces suitable for occupation. Unlike structural projects such as extensions or loft conversions, fit-out works focus on interior finishes, fixtures, and features to make a space functional and aesthetically pleasing. Below are the common types of fit-out works and what they include.

Kitchen Remodel

A comprehensive renovation of your kitchen space, updating both aesthetics and functionality.

What's Included:

  • Removal of existing kitchen units and appliances
  • New kitchen cabinets and worktops installation
  • Plumbing and electrical work for appliances
  • Tiling for walls and floors
  • Installation of new sink and taps
  • Plastering and decoration
  • Lighting installation (ceiling and under-cabinet)
  • Optional: Integrated or free-standing appliances

Bathroom Remodel

A complete renovation of your bathroom space with new fixtures and finishes.

What's Included:

  • Removal of existing bathroom fixtures
  • Installation of new bath, shower, toilet, and basin
  • Plumbing adjustments for new layout
  • Wall and floor tiling
  • Installation of bathroom furniture and storage
  • Mirror and lighting installation
  • Waterproofing and tanking where necessary
  • Heating (radiator or underfloor) installation
  • Ventilation system installation

Full Property Refurbishment

A complete renovation of the entire property to create a fresh, updated living space.

What's Included:

  • Kitchen and bathroom remodeling
  • Rewiring and electrical updates
  • Plumbing system updates
  • Central heating system installation or updates
  • Plastering and wall repairs
  • New flooring throughout
  • Interior door replacements
  • Built-in storage solutions
  • Decoration throughout (painting, wallpapering)
  • Lighting updates in all rooms
  • Optional: Smart home technology integration

Flat Redecoration

A refresh of your flat with new decorative elements and minor repairs.

What's Included:

  • Wall preparation (filling, sanding)
  • Painting of all walls and ceilings
  • Woodwork painting (skirting boards, door frames)
  • New flooring installation
  • Minor repairs to existing features
  • Basic electrical updates (sockets, switches)
  • Cleaning and finishing touches
  • Optional: Built-in shelving or storage solutions

Decoration Only

A cosmetic update focusing solely on the decorative aspects of your property.

What's Included:

  • Wall preparation (filling small holes, light sanding)
  • Painting of walls and ceilings
  • Woodwork painting (skirting boards, window frames, doors)
  • Simple wallpaper installation if required
  • Minor repairs to decorative elements
  • Cleaning after completion

Understanding Fit-Out Quality Levels

The cost and finish of your project will vary based on the quality level you choose:

Basic Finish

  • Standard fixtures and fittings from budget suppliers
  • Simple, functional designs
  • Basic materials (laminate worktops, vinyl flooring)
  • Standard paint finishes
  • Essential functionality with minimal extras

Mid-Range Finish

  • Higher quality materials and branded products
  • More design options and customization
  • Better materials (solid wood, quartz surfaces)
  • Higher grade fixtures and fittings
  • Additional features like soft-close mechanisms
  • More detailed finishing touches

High-End Finish

  • Premium brand fixtures and appliances
  • Bespoke, made-to-measure elements
  • Luxury materials (natural stone, hardwood)
  • Designer options and unique features
  • Smart home integration
  • Superior craftsmanship and attention to detail
  • Extended warranties and aftercare

Planning Permission & Building Regulations

Understanding the planning and regulatory requirements for your project is essential for success. Here's what you need to know about UK planning processes:

Permitted Development Rights

Many extensions and loft conversions can be built under Permitted Development Rights (PDRs), which means you don't need to apply for full planning permission. However, PDRs have specific conditions and limitations set by the UK government:

  • Single-storey rear extensions must not extend beyond the rear wall by more than 3m for semi-detached or terraced houses, or 4m for detached houses (these limits were temporarily increased under the 'larger home extension scheme')
  • Extensions must not cover more than 50% of the land around the 'original house' (as it stood on 1 July 1948 or when first built)
  • Extensions must not be higher than the highest part of the existing roof
  • Side extensions must be single-storey, with a maximum height of 4m and width no more than half that of the original house
  • Loft conversions must not exceed 40 cubic metres additional space for terraced houses or 50 cubic metres for detached and semi-detached houses
  • In conservation areas, Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty, or listed buildings, stricter rules apply
1 2 3 4 5 Initial Consultation Week 1 Architectural Plans Weeks 2-4 Planning Application Weeks 5-13 Building Regs Approval Weeks 14-18 Construction Weeks 19+ Meet with architects Discuss requirements Review budgets Detailed drawings 3D visualisations Materials selection Submit to council Public consultation Planning committee ~8 weeks decision Technical drawings Building Control Structural calcs Party Wall Agree. Building work Inspections Completion cert. UK Planning and Building Process Timeline Typical timeline for a residential extension or loft conversion project Typical UK planning process timeline for home renovation projects

When Planning Permission is Required

You'll likely need planning permission if:

  • Your project exceeds the limitations of Permitted Development Rights
  • Your property is in a conservation area, national park, or Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty
  • Your property is a listed building
  • Your extension will significantly alter the appearance of your home
  • Your extension will be used for a purpose other than as part of the home (e.g., a business)

Building Regulations

All extensions and loft conversions must comply with building regulations, regardless of whether planning permission is required. Building regulations ensure that your project meets standards for:

  • Structural stability
  • Fire safety
  • Ventilation and damp-proofing
  • Thermal insulation and energy efficiency
  • Electrical and plumbing safety
  • Access and facilities for people with disabilities

Party Wall Agreements

If your project involves work on a shared wall, boundary wall, or excavations near neighboring buildings, you may need a Party Wall Agreement with your neighbors. This is a formal legal document that:

  • Protects both parties during construction
  • Sets out how and when work will be carried out
  • Covers responsibility for costs
  • Provides a dispute resolution process

Note: Regulations and requirements can vary depending on your local authority and specific circumstances. Always check with your local planning department or consult with an architect or planning consultant before starting your project.

Next Steps

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